The advantage and disadvantage of electric heating kiln and gas kiln: Because the heater of refractory ceramic fiberboard electric heating kiln does not produce flue gas, only the volatile matter of the body itself is discharged during the firing process. For shuttle kiln, the kiln can be sealed, only a few exhaust holes are needed, and no flue gas brings out heat. The cost of production is lower than that of gas kiln. It is estimated that the electricity cost is 0.8 yuan/degree and the price of liquefied petroleum gas is 6.2 yuan/KG, which is a balance point. The production cost of oxidizing products below 1220 C in continuous electric heating roller kiln is 15% lower than that in gas roller kiln, but a transformer over 200 kva, which invests a lot and has excess capacity of transformer, can be preheated by electric heating wire in preheating zone or near firing zone. Gas is still used in high temperature zone, but electric heating kiln can not be fired. Reduction requires high quality and high price of the heater when firing above 1260 C. Silicon-molybdenum bars are used for heating at temperatures above 1280 degrees Celsius. Silicon-molybdenum rod is easy to aging and its service life is not too long. The choice of electric heating kiln depends on the electricity price. The area with lower average electricity price can choose the electric heating kiln. It is economical to refit the electric heating in the original kiln under the condition of higher electricity price and higher price of liquefied gas, but the original gas function should be retained.

Tunnel kiln: So the name suggests that its kiln body is like a tunnel. In fact, the tunnel kiln in a broad sense includes roller kiln, trolley tunnel kiln, pusher kiln and rotary kiln, which all belong to the scope of tunnel kiln. Tunnel kiln in narrow sense. We only refer to the trolley tunnel kiln, but the tidal type is called pusher kiln. I was really confused when I heard it in Chaozhou five years ago. In fact, I would like to explain that pusher kiln is a kind of refractory kiln which is directly loaded on the high-temperature guideway (such as the Gongwang Brick guideway or corundum ball guideway can roll in situ). The refractory plates are one after another. Because of the restriction of the bearing thrust of the refractory plate, they are generally not long. Twenty meters, a few meters short, usually firing high-temperature powder or special ceramics, daily output is not large. Because the propeller directly pushes the refractory plate forward, it is called pusher kiln. But I'm used to it here. I also know that Chaozhou pusher kiln is a trolley tunnel kiln. Because of the continuous production of tunnel kiln, the heat in the pre-tropical zone is basically supplied by the waste heat from the flue gas in the firing zone. Because the kiln wall is not like shuttle kiln, there is no cycle heat loss of heating and cooling, and most of the high-temperature waste heat in the firing zone can be utilized, so the energy-saving effect is better than that of the gap kiln. However, because the trolley still needs to be heated and cooled again, which wastes part of the heat, its energy-saving effect and temperature difference are inferior to roller kiln.

Shuttle kiln: Gap production kiln, suitable for small batch production of many varieties, because of the flexibility of production, many small and medium-sized ceramic factories are still using this kind of kiln. However, because of the gap type, the wall and trolley need to absorb heat and consume energy, which is relatively high in general. However, through the efforts of kiln design and manufacturers, such as using high-speed burner for rapid firing, using light refractory thermal insulation materials to reduce the heat storage of kilns, some fast firing shuttle kilns have achieved comparable energy-saving effect with the old tunnel kilns.

Roller kiln: High temperature resistant ceramic rod is used to drive the refractory plate forward directly. The refractory plate loaded products is directly loaded on the rod, also known as the roller kiln. We first introduced fired wall and floor tiles without brackets, which were directly placed on sticks. Because the temperature difference in the process of preheating, firing and cooling was very small, the firing time was shortened by tens of minutes from the dozens of hours fired by shuttle kilns and tunnel kilns in the past, so it was extended to artistic ceramics and daily ceramics. With the improvement of the quality of sticks, it gradually changed from low temperature type to low temperature type. Medium-high temperature transformation. Because the roller kiln is a kind of refractory plate which is directly loaded on the rod rolling in situ, it does not absorb a large part of heat with a trolley like tunnel kiln, and it is much better than tunnel kiln in air tightness. So its energy-saving effect is better than that of tunnel kiln. One of its biggest drawbacks is firing high-temperature reduction products, which requires high quality of sticks. SiC sticks can be used to solve the firing of high-temperature ceramics products within 1350 C. But it has not solved the problem of kiln glaze changing and crystalline glaze firing, because it is faster.

Based on the above analysis, the general structure, advantages and disadvantages of shuttle kiln, tunnel kiln and roller kiln are discussed. Enterprises can choose their own kiln according to their product structure, output and economic capacity.